when is fasting obligatory in islam
Like Ṣalāĥ, the fasts of Ramadan are also Farḍ for every such (male and female) Muslim who is sane and has reached puberty. It is stated in Durr-e-Mukhtār that fasts were declared Farḍ on 10th Sha’bān two years after Ĥijraĥ.
(Durr-e-Mukhtār ma’ Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 330, vol. 3)
fasting verse in quran
O those who believe! Fasting has been made obligatory upon you as were made obligatory upon those before you, so that you may become pious. The days are counted. Then whosoever among you is ill or on a journey then same number of fasting in other days, and those who have no strength, should give in fine meal to a needy: then whosoever does more good, then that is better for him, and fasting is better for you if you know.
[Kanz-ul-Īmān (Translation of Quran)] (Part 2, Sūraĥ Baqaraĥ, verses 183-184)
Excellence of one day’s fast
Sayyidunā Salamaĥ Bin Qaīṣar رضی اللی تعالی عنہ has narrated that the Beloved and Blessed Prophet ﷺ has said: ‘Anyone who fasts a day for Allah’s pleasure, Allah عزوجل will move him as far away from Hell as is the distance a baby-crow covers flying continuously until it grows old and dies.’ (Musnad Abī Ya’lā, pp. 383, vol. 1, Ḥadīš 917)
Compensation for previous sins
- Sayyidunā Abū Sa’īd Khudrī رحمتہ اللہ علیہ has narrated that the Beloved and Blessed Prophet ﷺ has said: ‘If anyone fasts in Ramadan realizing its limits and avoiding what should be avoided, this will compensate for all his previous sins.’ (Al-Iḥsān bittartīb Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān, pp. 183, vol. 5, Ḥadīš 3424)
Heavenly fruits/Dining mat of gold
Sayyidunā ‘Alī رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ has narrated that the Noble Prophet ﷺ has said: ‘The one whom his fast prevents from eating or drinking what he desires, Allah عزوجل will make him eat heavenly fruits and have heavenly drinks.’ (Shu’ab-ul-Īmān, pp. 410, vol. 3, Ḥadīš 3917)
Sayyidunā ‘Abdullāĥ Ibn ‘Abbās رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ has narrated that the Beloved and Blessed Prophet ﷺ has said: ‘On the Day of Judgement, a dining-mat made of gold will be laid for fasting people whilst other people will be waiting for their accountability.’ (Kanz-ul-‘Ummāl, pp. 214, vol. 8, Ḥadīš 23640)
Zakāĥ of body
Sayyidunā Abū Huraīraĥ رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ has narrated that the Holy Prophet ﷺ has said: ‘There is Zakāĥ (charity) for everything, and the Zakāĥ of your body is fasting, and fasting is half of patience.’ (Sunan Ibn Mājaĥ, pp. 347, vol. 2, Ḥadīš 1745)
it is our resposibility to pay zakah at right place otherwise it will not be accepted.
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